[Nasr_Younis_Abboushi] ACI 318M-08 Reinforced Conc(Bokos-Z1)Part 2

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 8 ONE-WAY SLABS

 Structural concrete slabs are constructed to provide flat surfaces, usually horizontal, in building floors, roofs, bridges, and other types of structures. The slab may be supported by walls, by reinforced concrete beams usually cast monolithically with the slab, by structural steel beams, by columns, or by the ground. The depth of a slab is usually very small compared to its span

CHAPTER 9 TWO-WAY SLABS

  When the slab is supported on all four sides and the length, , is less than twice the width, , the slab will deflect in two directions, and the loads on the slab are transferred to all four supports. This slab is referred to as a two-way slab. The bending moments and deflections in such slabs are less than those in one-way slabs; thus, the same slab can carry more load when supported on four sides. The load in this case is carried in two directions, and the bending moment in each direction is much less than the bending moment in the slab if the load were carried in one direction only.

CHAPTER 10 STAIRS

 

  Stairs must be provided in almost all buildings, either low-rise or high-rise, even if adequate numbers of elevators are provided. Stairs consist of rises, runs (or treads), and landings. The total steps and landings are called a staircase. The rise is defined as the vertical distance between two steps, and the run is the depth of the step. The landing is the horizontal part of the staircase without rises.

CHAPTER 11 FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIONS

    Reinforced concrete footings are structural members used to support columns and walls and to transmit and distribute their loads to the soil. The design is based on the assumption that the footing is rigid, so that the variation of the soil pressure under the footing is linear. Uniform soil pressure is achieved when the column load coincides with the centroid of the footing. Although this assumption is acceptable for rigid footings, such an assumption becomes less accurate as the footing becomes relatively more flexible. The proper design of footings requires that 1. The load capacity of the soil is not exceeded. 2. Excessive settlement, differential settlement, or rotations are avoided. 3. Adequate safety against sliding and/or overturning is maintained

CHAPTER 12 DEVELOPMENT, ANCHORAGE, AND SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENT

  In a reinforced concrete beam, the flexural compressive forces are resisted by concrete, while the flexural tensile forces are provided by reinforcement

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